A Pulse oximeter is a device which estimates blood oxygenation via measuring the oxygen level in haemoglobin. It can be placed on the finger or ear and checks the blood flow past a the probe of the meter. The unit works in correlation to the pulse beat of the blood and some units show a graph.
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650nm & 805nm are the wavelengths of light usually utilized in an oximeter's probe to record absorption and saturation of the haemoglobin in a patient's blood. Oxygenation in the blood is measured by this saturation level measured. Slow blood flow may introduce problems in normal pulse oximeter functions due to the units mechanism of measuring blood flow.
There are several situations where a pulse oximeter may not be accurate. Vasoconstriction and Venous congestion may have negative affects on the readings. Random things such as bright overhead lights and nail varnish have been known to cause false readings. Also, the presence of carbo-xyhamoglobin (methaemglobin) can cause mis-readings due to the fact that pulse oximeters can't distinguish between different types of haemoglobin.
When under anaesthesia, pulse oximeters are used to monitor oxygenation and pulse rates. During mechanical ventilation and other intensive care situations, pulse oximeters have been used to great success in the detection of oxygenation related problems before they are physically realized. Additionally, oximetry is used to analyze whether oxygen therapy is necessary in a patient. Alerting users of a state of hypoxia is also another helpful usage.
Again, monitoring oxygenation is the main purpose of a pulse oximeter. These devices, however, are not able to detect metabolism of oxygen. Oxygen metabolism measuring needs critical data regarding carbon dioxide levels.
Operating aircraft in a non-pressurized cabin is a perfect example of an alternative use of a portable pulse oximeter that can be used to measure the amount of supplemental oxygen a pilot may need at varying altitudes. For extreme climbers and athletes, a decrease in oxygen in the blood may occur in the process of scaling a mountain or performing an exercise or sport at a high exertion level. In these cases, a portable pulse oximeter can be useful to ensure that oxygen levels in the blood are at optimal levels for continued performance without endangering the individual.
New uses have been found for pulse oximeters. One such use is the detection of blood loss. There has been the discovery of an algorithm that correlates blood volume and oxygen absorption changes in the blood.
Nellcor, Nonin, and Checkmate, have made pulse oximeters that families can afford that essential offer basic features that are available on more expensive models. Finger pulse oximeters for sale are available in a portable oximeter style unit and finger pulse oximeter devices that are more stationary that have digital readouts and are more complex.
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